Tag Archives: cylinder clutch master

China Custom Forklift Hydraulic Clutch Upper Pump Clutch Master Cylinder for Heli Fd20 216g5-32071 with high quality

Product Description

Professional Manufacturer of Auto Brake Parts for Trucks & Cars

Full Range, Cover 98% model of Trucks and Cars

Product Description

Brand KOMP / OEM support
Condition Brand New
Minimum Order QTY 50-100 pcs
OEM Order Yes
Stock order Lead-Time 1-15 days
Wholesale order Lead-Time 25-45 days
Warranty 12 month / 30000 km
Packing Plastic bag + Neutral box / Color box + Carton
Shipping DHL, UPS, TNT, FedEx, Aramex, EMS, Air Cargo, Sea Cargo
Payment term Credit Card, Paypal, W/U, T/T, L/C, Money Gram,……

 

Packaging & Shipping

Plastic bag, Bubble bag, Antirust paper, Color box…anything protective method and customized packing be support

Our Advantages

KOMP has 3 product assembly lines, 20000 pcs products be assembled every day.

 

KOMP has 1000 m2 warehouse storage of products assembly
 

 

 

KOMP has completed automatic packing workshop

 

 

KOMP has a test lab for Endurance verification and High & Low Temperature test

 

 

KOMP has self-owned CNC workshop for both rough machinery and fine machinery

 

 

KOMP has environment friendly automatic ultrasonic cleaning machine
 

Exhibition & Factory Visit

 

KOMP travel to attend worldwide exhibitions to establish cooperation with Industry-leading customers in the local markets,
such as Automechanika Frankfurt, 
PAACE Automechanika Mexico, 
APPEX Las Vegas, 
Automechanika South Africa,
……

KOMP warmly welcome to visit our factory, Close face-to-face to the production equipment and processes.

 

FAQ

1.Are you a trading company or factory?

We are a factory with over 18 years experience, allocate in HangZhou city, ZheJiang Province. CHERY automotive locate here.

 

2.How to get the catalog of your company

You can leave your message on the right-hand with the OE number, basic description and contact info, we’ll feedback you in 7D/24H.

 

3.What kind of certificate of your factory?

We are qualified with IATF-16949.

 

4.Can you use my package design?

No problem, customized package is support based on your certificate of trademark registration and authorization.

 

5.What’s your brake cylinder quality guarantee?

Normally the guarantee is 12 months or 30,000 km.

 

6.What’s your minimum order quantity?

Our MOQ is 200 to 300PCS, and even 1pcs could be sale for trail if has stock.

 

7.How long it takes to deliver goods after place an order?

In stock goods take about 1-5 days for shipping.No stock goods take about 30-60 days for shipping.

What is a drive shaft?

If you notice a clicking noise while driving, it is most likely the driveshaft. An experienced auto mechanic will be able to tell you if the noise is coming from both sides or from 1 side. If it only happens on 1 side, you should check it. If you notice noise on both sides, you should contact a mechanic. In either case, a replacement driveshaft should be easy to find.
air-compressor

The drive shaft is a mechanical part

A driveshaft is a mechanical device that transmits rotation and torque from the engine to the wheels of the vehicle. This component is essential to the operation of any driveline, as the mechanical power from the engine is transmitted to the PTO (power take-off) shaft, which hydraulically transmits that power to connected equipment. Different drive shafts contain different combinations of joints to compensate for changes in shaft length and angle. Some types of drive shafts include connecting shafts, internal constant velocity joints, and external fixed joints. They also contain anti-lock system rings and torsional dampers to prevent overloading the axle or causing the wheels to lock.
Although driveshafts are relatively light, they need to handle a lot of torque. Torque applied to the drive shaft produces torsional and shear stresses. Because they have to withstand torque, these shafts are designed to be lightweight and have little inertia or weight. Therefore, they usually have a joint, coupling or rod between the 2 parts. Components can also be bent to accommodate changes in the distance between them.
The drive shaft can be made from a variety of materials. The most common material for these components is steel, although alloy steels are often used for high-strength applications. Alloy steel, chromium or vanadium are other materials that can be used. The type of material used depends on the application and size of the component. In many cases, metal driveshafts are the most durable and cheapest option. Plastic shafts are used for light duty applications and have different torque levels than metal shafts.

It transfers power from the engine to the wheels

A car’s powertrain consists of an electric motor, transmission, and differential. Each section performs a specific job. In a rear-wheel drive vehicle, the power generated by the engine is transmitted to the rear tires. This arrangement improves braking and handling. The differential controls how much power each wheel receives. The torque of the engine is transferred to the wheels according to its speed.
The transmission transfers power from the engine to the wheels. It is also called “transgender”. Its job is to ensure power is delivered to the wheels. Electric cars cannot drive themselves and require a gearbox to drive forward. It also controls how much power reaches the wheels at any given moment. The transmission is the last part of the power transmission chain. Despite its many names, the transmission is the most complex component of a car’s powertrain.
The driveshaft is a long steel tube that transmits mechanical power from the transmission to the wheels. Cardan joints connect to the drive shaft and provide flexible pivot points. The differential assembly is mounted on the drive shaft, allowing the wheels to turn at different speeds. The differential allows the wheels to turn at different speeds and is very important when cornering. Axles are also important to the performance of the car.

It has a rubber boot that protects it from dust and moisture

To keep this boot in good condition, you should clean it with cold water and a rag. Never place it in the dryer or in direct sunlight. Heat can deteriorate the rubber and cause it to shrink or crack. To prolong the life of your rubber boots, apply rubber conditioner to them regularly. Indigenous peoples in the Amazon region collect latex sap from the bark of rubber trees. Then they put their feet on the fire to solidify the sap.
air-compressor

it has a U-shaped connector

The drive shaft has a U-joint that transfers rotational energy from the engine to the axle. Defective gimbal joints can cause vibrations when the vehicle is in motion. This vibration is often mistaken for a wheel balance problem. Wheel balance problems can cause the vehicle to vibrate while driving, while a U-joint failure can cause the vehicle to vibrate when decelerating and accelerating, and stop when the vehicle is stopped.
The drive shaft is connected to the transmission and differential using a U-joint. It allows for small changes in position between the 2 components. This prevents the differential and transmission from remaining perfectly aligned. The U-joint also allows the drive shaft to be connected unconstrained, allowing the vehicle to move. Its main purpose is to transmit electricity. Of all types of elastic couplings, U-joints are the oldest.
Your vehicle’s U-joints should be inspected at least twice a year, and the joints should be greased. When checking the U-joint, you should hear a dull sound when changing gears. A clicking sound indicates insufficient grease in the bearing. If you hear or feel vibrations when shifting gears, you may need to service the bearings to prolong their life.

it has a slide-in tube

The telescopic design is a modern alternative to traditional driveshaft designs. This innovative design is based on an unconventional design philosophy that combines advances in material science and manufacturing processes. Therefore, they are more efficient and lighter than conventional designs. Slide-in tubes are a simple and efficient design solution for any vehicle application. Here are some of its benefits. Read on to learn why this type of shaft is ideal for many applications.
The telescopic drive shaft is an important part of the traditional automobile transmission system. These driveshafts allow linear motion of the 2 components, transmitting torque and rotation throughout the vehicle’s driveline. They also absorb energy if the vehicle collides. Often referred to as foldable driveshafts, their popularity is directly dependent on the evolution of the automotive industry.
air-compressor

It uses a bearing press to replace worn or damaged U-joints

A bearing press is a device that uses a rotary press mechanism to install or remove worn or damaged U-joints from a drive shaft. With this tool, you can replace worn or damaged U-joints in your car with relative ease. The first step involves placing the drive shaft in the vise. Then, use the 11/16″ socket to press the other cup in far enough to install the clips. If the cups don’t fit, you can use a bearing press to remove them and repeat the process. After removing the U-joint, use a grease nipple Make sure the new grease nipple is installed correctly.
Worn or damaged U-joints are a major source of driveshaft failure. If 1 of them were damaged or damaged, the entire driveshaft could dislocate and the car would lose power. Unless you have a professional mechanic doing the repairs, you will have to replace the entire driveshaft. Fortunately, there are many ways to do this yourself.
If any of these warning signs appear on your vehicle, you should consider replacing the damaged or worn U-joint. Common symptoms of damaged U-joints include rattling or periodic squeaking when moving, rattling when shifting, wobbling when turning, or rusted oil seals. If you notice any of these symptoms, take your vehicle to a qualified mechanic for a full inspection. Neglecting to replace a worn or damaged u-joint on the driveshaft can result in expensive and dangerous repairs and can cause significant damage to your vehicle.

China Custom Forklift Hydraulic Clutch Upper Pump Clutch Master Cylinder for Heli Fd20 216g5-32071     with high qualityChina Custom Forklift Hydraulic Clutch Upper Pump Clutch Master Cylinder for Heli Fd20 216g5-32071     with high quality

China OEM Motorcycle Brake Clutch Handle Pump Lever Hydraulic Master Cylinder CZPT CNC near me factory

Product Description

Motorcycle Brake Clutch handle Pump Lever Hydraulic Master Cylinder Universal CNC

Specification:

Model Number:OS57123
Product Name:Clutch Master Cylinder Lever
Condition:100% Brand New
Material: Aluminum Alloy
Color:Black,Red,Blue,Silver,Gold,
Piston hole size: 12.7mm
Banjo Bolt Size: M10x1.25mm
Mirror Holder Thread: 10mm
Placement: Left, Right

Features:
– Levers are Adjustable.
– Two Fingers Short Levers.
– Precision machined pivot bore to ensure a perfect fit.
– Stainless steel hardware.
– Hydraulic and Clutch Brake
– Take your brakes performance to the next level.
– Adjustable reach system provides the perfect lever position for all riders.

Fitment:
Universal fit on most brand Sport bike / Street bike / Scooter / Dirt Bike with 7/8″ (22mm) Standard Handle bar (Note: Only fits models with cable clutch)

Package Include:
2x Master Cylinder levers (Left + Right)

Note:
-All -dimensions are measured by hand, Please allow 0.5-1 inch difference due to manual measurement.(1inch=2.54cm).
-There Are No Instructions Included In This Kit.Professional Installation Is Highly Recommended!
-The color of the actual items may slightly different from the listing images due to different computer screen, thanks for your understanding.

 

 

Motorcycle Brake Levers

Discription

CNC + casting

Material

T6063 Aluminum

MOQ

10 Piece/Pieces

Packaging

Carton Packing

Brand

TZYB

Car Model

universal

Place of origin

ZHangZhoug,China

type of service

customized

Deatail Images
Company Profile
HangZhou CZPT Auto Parts Industry Co., Ltd is a family owned company, established in 2005.
As a real, direct and professional manufacture in China, CZPT has grown to become 1 of greatest manfacturer and exporter in Performance parts, include intake system, exhaust system, cooling system, interior&exterior parts etc.
We own a factory located in HangZhou, HangZhou, which has 8000 square meter, tens of machine, 150 workers, 15 person sales tean, 5 R&D department. Our customers cover North American, South American, Asia, Middle east and Europe. We export the millions of USD per year. Looking forward to have a nice cooperation with you. 
Why Choose YiBai?
It’s simple. The YiBai Company is built on delivering more Quality, Reliability, and Value than any other manufacturer. Whether supplying the world’s automakers with reliable OE parts, or developing aftermarket replacement parts at or above spec, YiBai’s line of products are built to deliver superior all-around performance every day.  
Aftermarket Parts Built At or Above Specification
The quality of YiBai parts is guaranteed because every component that leaves a YiBai factory has been designed with precision, manufactured to the strictest OE standards or above, and subjected to rigorous safety and performance tests. In the end, it all comes down to quality – that’s what the YiBai name stands for.
Measure Everything for a First Time Fit
Our First Time Fit philosophy attracts attention throughout the automotive world, while our commitment to pushing technology into the future and continually sets us apart around the globe.First Time Fit is a promise that YiBai makes to the aftermarket, by providing products that are OE grade or better – and fits the first time.

Our Service
1. OEM Manufacturing welcome: Product, Package… 
2. Sample order 
3. We will reply you for your inquiry in 24 hours.
4. After sending, we will track the products for you once every 2 days, until you get the products. When you got the goods, test them, and give me a feedback.If you have any questions about the problem, contact with us, we will offer the solve way for you.
FAQ
Q1. What is your terms of packing?
A: Generally, we pack our goods in neutral white boxes and brown cartons. If you have legally registered patent, we can pack the goods in your branded boxes after getting your authorization letters.
Q2. What is your terms of delivery?
A: EXW, FOB CIF, DDU.
Q3. How about your delivery time?
A: Generally, it will take 15 to 20 days after receiving your advance payment. The specific delivery time depends on the items and the quantity of your order.
Q4. What is your sample policy?
A: We can supply the sample if we have ready parts in stock, but the customers have to pay the sample cost and the courier cost.

The benefits of rubber bushings and how they work

If you have experienced increased vibration while driving, you know the importance of replacing the control arm bushings. The resulting metal-to-metal contact can cause annoying driving problems and be a threat to your safety. Over time, the control arm bushings begin to wear out, a process that can be exacerbated by harsh driving conditions and environmental factors. Additionally, larger tires that are more susceptible to bushing wear are also prone to increased vibration transfer, especially for vehicles with shorter sidewalls. Additionally, these plus-sized tires, which are designed to fit on larger rims, have a higher risk of transmitting vibrations through the bushings.
bushing

rubber

Rubber bushings are rubber tubes that are glued into the inner or outer curve of a cylindrical metal part. The rubber is made of polyurethane and is usually prestressed to avoid breaking during installation. In some cases, the material is also elastic, so it can slide. These properties make rubber bushings an integral part of a vehicle’s suspension system. Here are some benefits of rubber bushings and how they work.
Rubber bushings are used to isolate and reduce vibration caused by the movement of the 2 pieces of equipment. They are usually placed between 2 pieces of machinery, such as gears or balls. By preventing vibrations, rubber bushings improve machine function and service life. In addition to improving the overall performance of the machine, the rubber bushing reduces noise and protects the operator from injury. The rubber on the shock absorber also acts as a vibration isolator. It suppresses the energy produced when the 2 parts of the machine interact. They allow a small amount of movement but minimize vibration.
Both rubber and polyurethane bushings have their advantages and disadvantages. The former is the cheapest, but not as durable as polyurethane. Compared to polyurethane, rubber bushings are a better choice for daily commutes, especially long commutes. Polyurethane bushings provide better steering control and road feel than rubber, but can be more expensive than the former. So how do you choose between polyurethane and rubber bushings?

Polyurethane

Unlike rubber, polyurethane bushings resist high stress environments and normal cycling. This makes them an excellent choice for performance builds. However, there are some disadvantages to using polyurethane bushings. Read on to learn about the advantages and disadvantages of polyurethane bushings in suspension applications. Also, see if a polyurethane bushing is suitable for your vehicle.
Choosing the right bushing for your needs depends entirely on your budget and application. Softer bushings have the lowest performance but may have the lowest NVH. Polyurethane bushings, on the other hand, may be more articulated, but less articulated. Depending on your needs, you can choose a combination of features and tradeoffs. While these are good options for everyday use, for racing and hardcore handling applications, a softer option may be a better choice.
The initial hardness of the polyurethane bushing is higher than that of the rubber bushing. The difference between the 2 materials is determined by durometer testing. Polyurethane has a higher hardness than rubber because it does not react to load in the same way. The harder the rubber, the less elastic, and the higher the tear. This makes it an excellent choice for bushings in a variety of applications.

hard

Solid bushings replace the standard bushings on the subframe, eliminating axle clutter. New bushings raise the subframe by 0.59″ (15mm), correcting the roll center. Plus, they don’t create cabin noise. So you can install these bushings even when your vehicle is lowered. But you should consider some facts when installing solid casing. Read on to learn more about these casings.
The stiffest bushing material currently available is solid aluminum. This material hardly absorbs vibrations, but it is not recommended for everyday use. Its stiffness makes it ideal for rail vehicles. The aluminum housing is prone to wear and tear and may not be suitable for street use. However, the solid aluminum bushings provide the stiffest feel and chassis feedback. However, if you want the best performance in everyday driving, you should choose a polyurethane bushing. They have lower friction properties and eliminate binding.
Sturdy subframe bushings will provide more driver feedback. Additionally, it will strengthen the rear body, eliminating any movement caused by the subframe. You can see this structural integration on the M3 and M4 models. The benefits of solid subframe bushings are numerous. They will improve rear-end handling without compromising drivability. So if you plan to install a solid subframe bushing, be sure to choose a solid bushing.
bushing

Capacitor classification

In the circuit, there is a high electric field on both sides of the capacitor grading bushing. This is due to their capacitor cores. The dielectric properties of the primary insulating layer have a great influence on the electric field distribution within the bushing. This article discusses the advantages and disadvantages of capacitor grade bushings. This article discusses the advantages and disadvantages of grading bushings for capacitors in DC power systems.
One disadvantage of capacitor grading bushings is that they are not suitable for higher voltages. Capacitor grading bushings are prone to serious heating problems. This may reduce their long-term reliability. The main disadvantage of capacitor grading bushings is that they increase the radial thermal gradient of the main insulation. This can lead to dielectric breakdown.
Capacitor grading bushing adopts cylindrical structure, which can suppress the influence of temperature on electric field distribution. This reduces the coefficient of inhomogeneity of the electric field in the confinement layer. Capacitor grading bushings have a uniform electric field distribution across their primary insulation. Capacitive graded bushings are also more reliable than nonlinear bushings.
Electric field variation is the most important cause of failure. The electrode extension layer can be patterned to control the electric field to avoid flashover or partial discharge of the primary insulating material. This design can be incorporated into capacitor grading bushings to provide better electric fields in high voltage applications. This type of bushing is suitable for a wide range of applications. This article discusses the advantages and disadvantages of capacitor grade bushings.

Metal

When choosing between plastic and metal sleeves, it is important to choose a product that can handle the required load. Plastic bushings tend to deteriorate and often crack under heavy loads, reducing their mechanical strength and service life. Metal bushings, on the other hand, conduct heat more efficiently, preventing any damage to the mating surfaces. Plastic bushings can also be made with lubricating fillers added to a resin matrix.
Plastic bushings have many advantages over metal bushings, including being cheap and versatile. Plastic bushings are now used in many industries because they are inexpensive and quick to install. These plastic products are also self-lubricating and require less maintenance than metals. They are often used in applications where maintenance costs are high or parts are difficult to access. Also, if they are prone to wear and tear, they are easy to replace.
Metal bushings can be made of PTFE, plastic or bronze and are self-lubricating. Graphite plugs are also available for some metal bushings. Their high load capacity and excellent fatigue resistance make them a popular choice for automotive applications. The bi-metallic sintered bronze layer in these products provides excellent load-carrying capacity and good friction properties. The steel backing also helps reduce processing time and avoids the need for additional pre-lubrication.
bushing

plastic

A plastic bushing is a small ball of material that is screwed onto a nut or locknut on a mechanical assembly. Plastic bushings are very durable and have a low coefficient of friction, making them a better choice for durable parts. Since they do not require lubrication, they last longer and cost less than their metal counterparts. Unlike metal bushings, plastic bushings also don’t scratch or attract dirt.
One type of acetal sleeve is called SF-2. It is made of metal alloy, cold rolled steel and bronze spherical powder. A small amount of surface plastic penetrated into the voids of the copper spherical powder. Plastic bushings are available in a variety of colors, depending on the intended application. SF-2 is available in black or grey RAL 7040. Its d1 diameter is sufficient for most applications.
Another acetal sleeve is UHMW-PE. This material is used in the production of bearings and in low load applications. This material can withstand pressures from 500 to 800 PSI and is widely available. It is also self-lubricating and readily available. Due to its high resistance to temperature and chemical agents, it is an excellent choice for low-load industrial applications. If you’re in the market for an alternative to nylon, consider acetal.
Positional tolerances in many automotive components can cause misalignment. Misaligned plastic bushings can negatively impact the driver’s experience. For example, the cross tubes used to mount the seat to the frame are made by a stamping process. The result is a misalignment that can increase torque. Also, the plastic bushing is pushed to 1 side of the shaft. The increased pressure results in higher friction, which ultimately results in a poor driving experience.
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China OEM Motorcycle Brake Clutch Handle Pump Lever Hydraulic Master Cylinder CZPT CNC     near me factory China OEM Motorcycle Brake Clutch Handle Pump Lever Hydraulic Master Cylinder CZPT CNC     near me factory

China Best Sales Hydraulic Release Clutch Master Bearing Cylinder 360016 126893 510004610 for CZPT Explorer V-6 2.3L with Hot selling

Product Description

Product Description

Item Name

Clutch Release Bearing 

  OE number   F2T7A564A F87A7A508AB F87Z7A508AA

Material

 Plastic

Application

Applicable to Ford

  Certificate   ISO9-0 8-94109658-0

FOR CZPT TROPER

9–1 94571016

FOR ISUZU MIDI/TROPER

FOR HYUNDAI  KIA  MAZDA

41421-28-0 8-94379-499-0 8-94389-416-0

8-94453-348-0 8-94453-348-1 8-94477-417-0

FOR OPEL CAMPO/FRONTERA A/FRONTERA A Sport/

MONTEREY A

3467165 3411119

FOR VOLVO 440K/460L/480E

1220824 380569 3549881

FOR VOLVO 140/240/P121/P122/P22

Premium Quality: 
Mighty has QC team to control the quality strictly to make sure the products our customers received are high quality

Exact Fitment
Our clutch release bearings are designed to guarantee the exact fitment.

Easy Installation
The clutch release bearings are precision machined and made it to be easy to install and make you enjoy a smooth ride.

 

Company Profile

ZheJiang Mighty Machinery Co. Ltd is a professional manufacturer of auto bearings for more than 20 years. We provide a one-stop service for our customers. Our main products include wheel bearings & hub assembly, belt tensioners, clutch release bearings, and other parts.

Relying on the professional and rich manufacturing experience and many substantial factories which stable cooperated for many years, Mighty suppliers customers high-quality products at very competitive prices.

 

Customer satisfaction is our First Priority, We adhere to the concept of ” Quality First, Customer First”. We will continue to provide high-quality products and the best services to our customers and build up CZPT long-time friendship partners.

Our Advantages

More than 20 years of manufacturing and exporting experience
OEM manufacturing available
Full range, large stock
Quickly feedback
One year warranty
One-stop service
On-time delivery

Packaging & Shipping

Packaging Details 1 piece in a single box
2 boxes in a carton
30 cartons in a pallet
Nearest Port ZheJiang or HangZhou
Lead Time For stock parts: 1-5 days.
If no stock parts:
<20 pcs: 15-30 days
≥20 pcs: to be negotiated.

 OUR SERVICES
– We have more than 20 years’ experience in auto bearings fields.
– Excellent quality control is 1 of our main principles
– We offer OEM service, accept customer labels, and develop the product with your drawings or samples
– Any questions will get a response within 24 hours.

FAQ

1. What’s the minimum order quantity?

We don’t have the minimum order quantity. We can also provide free samples, but you need to pay the freight.

     
 2. Do you provide ODM&OEM order service?

Yes, we provide ODM&OEM services to customers around the world, and we can customize different brands and different sizes of pacakging boxes according to customers’ requirements.

     
3. After-sales service and warranty time

We guarantee that our products will be free from defects in materials and workmanship within 12 months from the date of delivery. The warranty is void due to improper use, incorrect installation, and physical damage.
 

4. How to place an order?

Send us an email of the models, brand, quantity, consignee information, model of transportation, and payment
Confirm payment and arrange the production.
 

5. What are your packing conditions?

We use standardized export packaging and environmental protection packaging materials. If you have a legally registered patent, we will package the goods in your brand box after receiving your authorization

6. What are your payment terms?

T/T is 30% of the payment in advance and 70% balance before delivery. Before you pay the balance, we will show you photos or videos of the products and packaging.
 

7. How long is your delivery time?

The delivery time of sample order is 3-5 days, and that of a batch order is 5-45 days. The exact delivery time depends on the item and the quantity you ordered.
 

8. Do you test all products before delivery?
Yes, according to ISO standards, we have professional Q/C personnel, precision testing instruments, and an internal inspection system. We control the quality of every process from material receiving to packaging to ensure that you receive high-quality products

 

Analytical Approaches to Estimating Contact Pressures in Spline Couplings

A spline coupling is a type of mechanical connection between 2 rotating shafts. It consists of 2 parts – a coupler and a coupling. Both parts have teeth which engage and transfer loads. However, spline couplings are typically over-dimensioned, which makes them susceptible to fatigue and static behavior. Wear phenomena can also cause the coupling to fail. For this reason, proper spline coupling design is essential for achieving optimum performance.
splineshaft

Modeling a spline coupling

Spline couplings are becoming increasingly popular in the aerospace industry, but they operate in a slightly misaligned state, causing both vibrations and damage to the contact surfaces. To solve this problem, this article offers analytical approaches for estimating the contact pressures in a spline coupling. Specifically, this article compares analytical approaches with pure numerical approaches to demonstrate the benefits of an analytical approach.
To model a spline coupling, first you create the knowledge base for the spline coupling. The knowledge base includes a large number of possible specification values, which are related to each other. If you modify 1 specification, it may lead to a warning for violating another. To make the design valid, you must create a spline coupling model that meets the specified specification values.
After you have modeled the geometry, you must enter the contact pressures of the 2 spline couplings. Then, you need to determine the position of the pitch circle of the spline. In Figure 2, the centre of the male coupling is superposed to that of the female spline. Then, you need to make sure that the alignment meshing distance of the 2 splines is the same.
Once you have the data you need to create a spline coupling model, you can begin by entering the specifications for the interface design. Once you have this data, you need to choose whether to optimize the internal spline or the external spline. You’ll also need to specify the tooth friction coefficient, which is used to determine the stresses in the spline coupling model 20. You should also enter the pilot clearance, which is the clearance between the tip 186 of a tooth 32 on 1 spline and the feature on the mating spline.
After you have entered the desired specifications for the external spline, you can enter the parameters for the internal spline. For example, you can enter the outer diameter limit 154 of the major snap 54 and the minor snap 56 of the internal spline. The values of these parameters are displayed in color-coded boxes on the Spline Inputs and Configuration GUI screen 80. Once the parameters are entered, you’ll be presented with a geometric representation of the spline coupling model 20.

Creating a spline coupling model 20

The spline coupling model 20 is created by a product model software program 10. The software validates the spline coupling model against a knowledge base of configuration-dependent specification constraints and relationships. This report is then input to the ANSYS stress analyzer program. It lists the spline coupling model 20’s geometric configurations and specification values for each feature. The spline coupling model 20 is automatically recreated every time the configuration or performance specifications of the spline coupling model 20 are modified.
The spline coupling model 20 can be configured using the product model software program 10. A user specifies the axial length of the spline stack, which may be zero, or a fixed length. The user also enters a radial mating face 148, if any, and selects a pilot clearance specification value of 14.5 degrees or 30 degrees.
A user can then use the mouse 110 to modify the spline coupling model 20. The spline coupling knowledge base contains a large number of possible specification values and the spline coupling design rule. If the user tries to change a spline coupling model, the model will show a warning about a violation of another specification. In some cases, the modification may invalidate the design.
In the spline coupling model 20, the user enters additional performance requirement specifications. The user chooses the locations where maximum torque is transferred for the internal and external splines 38 and 40. The maximum torque transfer location is determined by the attachment configuration of the hardware to the shafts. Once this is selected, the user can click “Next” to save the model. A preview of the spline coupling model 20 is displayed.
The model 20 is a representation of a spline coupling. The spline specifications are entered in the order and arrangement as specified on the spline coupling model 20 GUI screen. Once the spline coupling specifications are entered, the product model software program 10 will incorporate them into the spline coupling model 20. This is the last step in spline coupling model creation.
splineshaft

Analysing a spline coupling model 20

An analysis of a spline coupling model consists of inputting its configuration and performance specifications. These specifications may be generated from another computer program. The product model software program 10 then uses its internal knowledge base of configuration dependent specification relationships and constraints to create a valid three-dimensional parametric model 20. This model contains information describing the number and types of spline teeth 32, snaps 34, and shoulder 36.
When you are analysing a spline coupling, the software program 10 will include default values for various specifications. The spline coupling model 20 comprises an internal spline 38 and an external spline 40. Each of the splines includes its own set of parameters, such as its depth, width, length, and radii. The external spline 40 will also contain its own set of parameters, such as its orientation.
Upon selecting these parameters, the software program will perform various analyses on the spline coupling model 20. The software program 10 calculates the nominal and maximal tooth bearing stresses and fatigue life of a spline coupling. It will also determine the difference in torsional windup between an internal and an external spline. The output file from the analysis will be a report file containing model configuration and specification data. The output file may also be used by other computer programs for further analysis.
Once these parameters are set, the user enters the design criteria for the spline coupling model 20. In this step, the user specifies the locations of maximum torque transfer for both the external and internal spline 38. The maximum torque transfer location depends on the configuration of the hardware attached to the shafts. The user may enter up to 4 different performance requirement specifications for each spline.
The results of the analysis show that there are 2 phases of spline coupling. The first phase shows a large increase in stress and vibration. The second phase shows a decline in both stress and vibration levels. The third stage shows a constant meshing force between 300N and 320N. This behavior continues for a longer period of time, until the final stage engages with the surface.
splineshaft

Misalignment of a spline coupling

A study aimed to investigate the position of the resultant contact force in a spline coupling engaging teeth under a steady torque and rotating misalignment. The study used numerical methods based on Finite Element Method (FEM) models. It produced numerical results for nominal conditions and parallel offset misalignment. The study considered 2 levels of misalignment – 0.02 mm and 0.08 mm – with different loading levels.
The results showed that the misalignment between the splines and rotors causes a change in the meshing force of the spline-rotor coupling system. Its dynamics is governed by the meshing force of splines. The meshing force of a misaligned spline coupling is related to the rotor-spline coupling system parameters, the transmitting torque, and the dynamic vibration displacement.
Despite the lack of precise measurements, the misalignment of splines is a common problem. This problem is compounded by the fact that splines usually feature backlash. This backlash is the result of the misaligned spline. The authors analyzed several splines, varying pitch diameters, and length/diameter ratios.
A spline coupling is a two-dimensional mechanical system, which has positive backlash. The spline coupling is comprised of a hub and shaft, and has tip-to-root clearances that are larger than the backlash. A form-clearance is sufficient to prevent tip-to-root fillet contact. The torque on the splines is transmitted via friction.
When a spline coupling is misaligned, a torque-biased thrust force is generated. In such a situation, the force can exceed the torque, causing the component to lose its alignment. The two-way transmission of torque and thrust is modeled analytically in the present study. The analytical approach provides solutions that can be integrated into the design process. So, the next time you are faced with a misaligned spline coupling problem, make sure to use an analytical approach!
In this study, the spline coupling is analyzed under nominal conditions without a parallel offset misalignment. The stiffness values obtained are the percentage difference between the nominal pitch diameter and load application diameter. Moreover, the maximum percentage difference in the measured pitch diameter is 1.60% under a torque of 5000 N*m. The other parameter, the pitch angle, is taken into consideration in the calculation.

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